それに比べてDではどうか?AがBを体験するのはどのような形でか? A自身はおおむね自分の意志を持って行動する。もちろん時々「させられ」ることもあるが。そうしてAはBとは異なることを自覚している。(「彼と私を一緒にしないでください」)。3はどうか。一番怪しそうで、実はこれもおおむね保たれている。なぜなら今日はAでいても、昨日は主としてBで活動していたという体験を考えても、Aは「昨日は奥で休んでいた」からであり、だから「その間のことは記憶にない」のである。4はどうか。通常はしっかり分かれているからこそ、曖昧なときには「混乱」させられるし、二色のソフトクリームのような感覚を味わうのである。
結論としてDではSに見られる深刻な自我障害に伴う他者性の問題は起きていないことになる。
ちなみにこんな論文があった。高くて買えないので、abstract のみ。
S.Ebisch(2016)The social self in schizophrenia: A neural network perspective
on integrative external and internal information processing. European Psychiatry, 33, Supplement, S45
Social impairment is
recognized as a basic aspects of schizophrenia.
Although the nature of aberrant self-other relationship in schizophrenia is
still poorly understood, it has been suggested that some social impairments
could have their roots in self-disturbances typical of schizophrenia. For instance,
experiencing otherness could become problematic with anomalous
self-recognition. Furthermore, deficits in the processing of self-relatedness
of social stimuli disconnect the self from its social environment. On the one
hand, this could lead to problems in self-other distinction caused by
misattributions of ownership of experience and agency in social interaction. On
the other hand, this could result in feelings of isolation and reduced
intersubjectivity due to interrupted self-referential processing of social
stimuli, likely also mediated by memory and emotion. Brain networks involved in
self-referential processing, sense of ownership, and agency also have been
implied in social cognition. Whereas cortical midline structures are associated
with self-referential processing of external stimuli including social
information, sensorimotor and affective networks involved in bodily and
interoceptive self-processing are also involved in the ability to share others’
experiences. Schizophrenia has been linked with a reduced integrity of these
networks underlying various aspects of self and social impairments, though
rather separately. Recent neuroimaging findings will be highlighted explaining
how self-disturbances can pervade the social domain in schizophrenia. In
particular, disruptions of the social self in schizophrenia will be addressed
from a neuronal network and connectiomics perspective providing a unifying
framework.
もちろんよくわからないが、自我障害を生じさせるような脳画像の所見のことを言っている。Dがやはりニューラルネットワークの在り方に関連するという議論を行う際に使用できる文献かもしれない。