ここら辺を書き直していて、恐ろしくなっていた。「ヒステリー」に対する誤解や偏見はまだ続いているのだろうか。
Close examination of
the literature on dissociative disorder indicates that
at least in many clinicians’ mind, an
individual with DID originally had a hypothetically integrated personality, the
one which is often referred to as the “original personality” that might have
been existed before their identities are split and dissociated. That virtual and
integrated self suffers these discontinuities with multiple and
interchanging identities, whereas these identities or personalities are only
partial and incomplete existences. Thus, the disruption of identity appears to be found
in their very partial and fragmentary nature. Not much effort is needed to find
the examples of experts indicating these views, which is enough to believe that
this is a view shared by probably majority of clinicians.
It is important to
state from the outset that whatever an alter personality is, it is not a
separate person. It is a serious therapeutic error to relate to the alter
personalities as if they were separate people. Although many alters will
emphatically insist that they are separate people, the therapist must not buy
into this delusion of separateness. …[T]he global message from the
therapist should always be that all of the alters constitute a whole person.(Frank
Putnam, 1989, p.103)
The most important
thing to understand is that alter personalities are not people. They are not
even personalities. …. They are fragmented parts of one person: There is
only one person…. (Colin
Ross, 1997, P144 underline added by this author).
We describe the
division of personality in terms of dissociative parts of the personality. This
choice of term emphasizes the fact that dissociative
parts of the personality together constitute one whole, yet are
self-conscious, have
at least a rudimentary sense of self … and are generally more
complex than a single psychobiological state… (Onno van der Hart, et al, 2006, p.4, underline
added by the authors)
Along with this
concept, van der Hart et al. call the personalities in DID as “parts of
personality” (“PP”), indicating that they are not a fully-fledged personality
but a part of it (van der Hart, et al, 2006).
In comparison, the
guideline issued by ISSTD has a lighter tone.
… [A]ll of the
alternate identities make up the identity or personality of the human being
with DID (International
Society for the Study of Trauma and Dissociation, 2011, p.120)).
